The SMB 2.0 that was introduced with Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 can operate solely on TCP port 445, and you can safely disable NBT for improved security and reduced network overhead caused by NetBIOS broadcasts. Whichever responds first is used for communication. By the way, if both NetBIOS over TCP/IP and directly hosted SMB over TCP/IP are available (that is, if ports 445 and 139 are both listening), Windows tries both options at the same time. However, normally, for direct SMB over TCP/IP, the SMB port number is TCP 445. Therefore, the SMB protocol relies on port 139 while operating over NBT. The SMB protocol, on the other hand, may rely on NetBIOS to communicate with old devices that do not support the direct hosting of SMB over TCP/IP. NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NBT) is a completely independent service from SMB, and it doesn't depend on SMB for anything. Man-in-the-middle (MITM) and NetBIOS name service (NBNS) spoofing attacks are common with NTB-enabled networks-particularly if the related ports are not properly safeguarded. While it is not a big problem in local networks, it could be a security risk if exposed to the Internet. By default, NBT is installed and enabled in Windows for backwards compatibility, but it is known for exposing file shares and other information to everyone on the network.
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